Side dump trailer structure



July 4, 1950 R. D. MacDoNALD sm DUMP TRAILER STRUCTURE NNN ww INVENTOR. BY Mcojza 2i/ffy AN DN QN uw July 4, 1950 R. D. MaCDoNALD SIDE DUMP TRAILER STRUCTURE.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 27, 1947 INVENTOR. czzfmrey /Vcojza Zd M# 1J p//f July 4, 1950 R. D. 'MaQDONALD SIDE DUMP TRAILER STRUCTURE,

4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 27, 1947 July 4, 195o R, D 'MaCDONALD 2,513,658

SIDE DUMP TRAILER STRUCTURE Filed Aug. 27, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 /50 INVENTOR.

@L i @ff/y Patented July 4, 1950 UNIT ED STATES PATENT F"FICE 16 Claims.

This invention relates to side dum-p trailer structures of the type adaptedY to have a swivel connection with, and to be drawn by a tractor, and particularly to a class of such trailers suitedto hard use and to the carrying of heavy loads.

It is a general obiect of my invention to provide a stable, rugged and durable side dump trailer structure adapted to front support through a single swivel connection to a trailer or the like and suited to the carrying of heavy loads.

Another object of the invention is to provide a side dump trailer body incorporating reinforcing portions of tubular sectional structure.

My presenty invention also has within its purview the provision of a side dump trailer so constructed and arranged that the body normally rests directly upon the supporting underirame and may be selectively tipped to either side relative to the underfrarne for dumping.

, As another object, the invention comprehends the provision of a side dump trailer wherein hinges carried by the trailer underframe are utilized for dumping the trailer body, and wherein the body is supported from the underframe, so that none of the load is normally supported through the hinges.

A further object of my invention is to provide a side dump trailer of the character described which is also constructed to have large load carrying capacity and a low center of gravity.

The present invention also provides a side dump trailer structure wherein both the body and underframe are constructed and reinforced to resist twisting stresses.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and; the accompanying drawings in which similar characters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

In the four sheets of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View of a side dump trailer structure embodying a preferred form of my present invention;

Fig. 2 iS a bottom view of the side dump trailer structure shown in Fig, 1;

Fig. 3' is an end sectional view of the sidedump trailer structure shown in Figs. 1 and 3, drawn to a somewhat larger scale than Figs. 1 and 2, wherein the section is taken substantially on a line 3-3 of Fig. 1, and viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows; dierent positions' of thetr-ailer body being depicted in solid and dot and dash lines;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view oi a 2. portion of my side clump trailer structure, drawn to anv enlargedL scale and wherein thev section is taken substantially-fon a line -l-fly of Fig. 1 and in the direction. indicated by the arrows ;4

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. l drawn to. an. enlarged scale;

Fig. 6. is a fragmentary sectional view wherein the section .is taken substantially on a line 6-6 of Fig.. 4;,

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view wherein the section is taken substantially as indicated by a line l-T in Fig. 1 and the accompanying arrows;

Fig- 8` is a. fragmentary sectional view o a. portion of the.- structure which is located by the section lines 8-8 in. Figs. 2 and 3 andV their accompanying arrows; and.

Fig. 9` is a,.fragmenta.ry sectional view similar to a portion of Fig., 8 butdepicting a modication of a, part ofthe structure.

Generally consideringv the exemplary embodiment of my side. dump trailer structure which. is shown for illustrative purposes in the accompanying drawings, it includes an underframe lf2. supported near one endl by a pair of wheels. I3 and having at its other end a gooseneck connecting element IA. at the end of which, remote from the underframe, is a swivel connecting element L5. through which thatend of the. underframe is adapted to be carried and supported by a' tractor or the like which is depictedY fragmentarily atl6 in- Fig. l by dot and dash lines. A side dump trailer body l1 is mounted on the underframe I2,A as shown in Figs. l., 2 and 3,r betweenthe wheels I3v and the gooseneck connecting element I4. By preference, the body isadapted, through thev use of selectively operable hinges t8V and.'I-9,.in aligned relationship on. one side of the body and under-frame and by selec.- tilvelyoperable.r hinges 2.0 and. 22 in alignedV relationship on, the other side of the body and underframe, to be. tilted. for dumping, purposes with. reference-to the undenframe-inthe manner illustrated. in dot and dash. lines aty Illa. in Fig. 3.

Referring more in detail to the structure. of the underframe. I.2, it comprises longitudinally.l extending and. substantially parallel. side beams 23. and 24 which are. desirablyof channel` section and for. convenience, have their channel sides.v

facing. outwardly. At the'y rear end of the underfranie, adjacent the wheels I3., the side beams- 23v and1 24' are-connected and secured together by a cross beam 2.5. At. their other ends,y the side. beams 23 and 2liY are connected andv secured together by the box-like lower end structure of the gooseneck connecting element I4. For further rigidifying the underframe structure, and particularly :for increasing its resistance to tortional stresses, cross braces 26, 21, 28 and 2-9 of tubular section, and preferably of polygonal sectional form are disposedin longitudinally spaced relationship and extend between the inner surfaces of the side beams with their opposite ends secured to those side beams by welding or the like.

As one factor contributing to the maintenance of a low center of gravity of the trailer structure, an axle 30, upon the ends of which the Wheels i3 are rotatably mounted, extends through the side beams near the rear end of the underframe, thus distinguishing from the usual structure which embodies a bolster or similar structure connecting the axle and'underframe whereby the axle is beneath the underframe. In the disclosed structure, in which the axle extends through the side beams v23 and 24, it is preferable to provide gusset plates 40 and 42 fitted between the side flanges of the channel side beams and extending a substantial distance on each side of the axle. Additional strengthening of the side beam structure is also preferable near the front end'thereof and is accomplished, as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 7 by gusset plates 4| and which extend along substantial portions of the front portion of the underframe between the side anges of the side beam channel; said gusset plates being welded to the side beam channel along the edges of the gusset plates.

Although a rear bumper is a matter of choice, the disclosed embodiment includes such a bumper 32 in which a bumper bar 33 is secured to the cross beam 2-5 of the underframe by longitudinally extending trusses 34 near opposite sides of the underframe and diagonally disposed braces At the other end of the underframe, gooseneck connecting element I4 desirably comprises a structure of rectangular box-like section made of heavy formed metal plates, such as 36, 31, 38 and 39, welded together along their adjacent edges and tapering to a smaller section at the iront end thereof. At the rear end, the dimensions of the connecting element are such that the lower end portion thereof ts between the ends of the side beams 23 and 24; the plates of the connecting element and the side beams being secured together by welding along their adjacent edges. l

The gooseneck connecting element extends upwardly adjacent the underframe and then curves forwardly and downwardly toward the front end. to which the swivel connecting element I5 is secured by welding. The curvature is preferably such that when supported by and attached t0 a tractor, the tractor may be turned relative to the trailer without having the rear wheel of the tractor engage the gooseneck connecting element. At the rear end of the underframe and as an additional portion of the structure which is a matter of choice, mud guards 43 are provided for each of the wheels,` as depicted in Fig. l.

A modification of the underframe structure is shown in Fig. 9. In this modified construction, the cross braces 26, 21, 28 and 29 of the previously described structure and which are of hexagonal tubular section, are replaced by cross braces, such as 28a, of cylindrical section. In this, as in the previously described form, the ends of the cylindrical cross bracesare welded to-the 4 substantially plane inner surfaces of the side beams 23 and 24.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, hinge brackets 44, 45, 4G and 41 are secured, preferably by welding, to the outer surfaces of the side beams 23 and 24 at longitudinally spaced positions; the hinge brackets lill and 45 being on opposite sides of the underframe and the hinge brackets 45 and 41 being on opposite sides of the underframe in substantially aligned relationship laterally of the underframe. Preferably, and for promoting both strength and rigidity in the underframe structure, the hinge brackets 44 and 46 are substantially aligned with the cross brace 26 and the hinge brackets 45 and 41 are substantially aligned with the cross brace 29. Also, the cross braces 26 and 29 are desirably of somewhat larger sectional size than the cross braces 21 and 28.

Each of the hinge brackets 44, 45, 45 and 41, as shown in detail in Figs. 4 and 5, includes a channel member 48 of substantially triangular shape and of practically the same height as the side beams secured to the outer surface of the side beam with the channel section thereof opening inwardly toward the side beam and the web of the channel resting on the lower side flange of the side beam. The web of each such'channel member slopes upwardly and outwardly relative to the side beam and terminates at a position substantially llush with the upper surface ofthe side beam. Cross plates 49 and 50 extend across the underframe and overlie the laterally opposed channel members to provide upper hinge bracket surfaces which, by preference, extend somewhat beyond the edges of the channel members.

Although many features of the disclosed side dump trailer structure are not limited to such use, the disclosed embodiment of my invention is equipped with a body which is particularly well suited to heavy duty use in quarries and the like. This body l1, commensurate with other structural features of the trailer, is relatively low for maintaining the low center of gravity of the general trailer structure and is wide to provide a large load-carrying capacity. In addition, the bottom and side plates of the disclosed body are shaped and disposed to provide effectively for the desired side dumping action.

Upon reflection, it may be readily appreciated that in certain uses, such, for example, as in quarries, and particularly where loads are picked up at various places to be dumped at some iixed position or at places where there is room for side dumping operation, such side dumping has the advantage that the trailer may be quickly and easily moved into the dumping position without the necessity of maneuvering or backing into place, as is required by trailers or trucks which dump at the rear. When the dumping is done at a fixed position, as in the loading of railway cars or the like at a quarry, the power for tipping the body relative to the underframe may be supplied from an external source. On the other hand, it is sometimes desirable to utilize a; hy-

` draulic or other actuating mechanism for eecting the dumping operation by power obtained from the tractor to which the trailer is-attached. The disclosed general structure is adapted to either type of actuation, although certain detailed parts which have been shown are suitedto the application of power from an external source.

Referring to the structure of the trailer body... it includes a relativelyV heavy base plate 52 Which is preferably bent to form a wide. obtuse angle, the vertex of which is substantially. alignedlwith asia-essthe longitudinal center line of the underframe, as shown in Fig. 3. At. each side of thebaseplate 52.0ppositely disposed side plates 53 Iand 54l slope upwardly andoutwardly from the edgesof the base plate to form obtuse angles therewith. The side plates are practically coextensive with the base plate longitudinally of thestructure and are secured thereto along the edges of the base plate by welded seams 55 and 56 (Fig. 3). On the lower surface of the baseplate 52, and as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 8, a series-of laterally `disposed cross ribs 5l, which conform to the .angularly disposed sides of the base plate, are secured vthereto in spaced relationship longitudinally Iof the body. These cross ribs, as shown in Fig. 8,1are desirably of channel section in themselves sothat when secured to the base plate by welding, they form therewith braces of tubular box section.

Along the inner margins of the side plates 53 and 54, respectively, and adjacent the opposite side edges of the base plate 52, integral longitudinally extending flanges 58 and 59 are formed to extend downwardly below the basefplate by bending the side plates. Channel members 60 and '62 of somewhat irregular sectional shape eX- tend along the flanges 58 `and 59 in spaced relationship thereto to form with the respective flanges and side plates longitudinally extending reinforcing ribs of tubular section. The channel members 69 and 62 are secured to the outer :l

surfaces lof the side plates 53 and 54 and to the edges of the flanges 58 and 59, respectively, `by longitudinal welded seams. Also, the cross ribs 51 on thebase plate abut'and are-welded to the flanges 58 and 59.

In my preferred construction,r the longitudinally extending ribs of tubular section which are formed along the inner margins ofthe side plates and adjacent the outer redges of the base plate are spaced laterally of the body for -alignment with the top surfaces of the side beams 23 and 24 of the underframe. Also, I provide resilient pads 63 and 64 of rubber or the like which are secured to the top surfaces of the side beams 23 and 24 to provide a seat upon whichthe body rests yagainst the underframe to carry the load; the resilient pads being effective Vto distribute the body load over the full lengths of the side beams in spite of minor surface irregularities.

Reinforcing ribs of tubular Aor box-likesection also extend longitudinally along the vou'terfmargins .of the trailer body. These reinforcing ribs are provided by channel members tandtt which abut the side plates 53 `and `54,respective1y, and lie along integral marginal flanges 61 and 68 on those side plates. In each instance, thechannels 65 and 6B are secured to the side plates by -long'itudinalwelded seams extending along 'the edges of the channels. i' I Intermediate the longitudinally extending reinforcing ribs and extending laterally of lthe side plates between those ribs are series of side plate reinforcing ribs 69 and 1D. Each such reinforcing ribvcornprises a channel havingits open side abutting the side plate and its Vends abutting'the longitudinally extending ribs. Alsoyeach such side plate reinforcing rib is welded tofits `respective side `plate and to the longitudinally extending reinforcing ribs. In my preferred structure, the -side plate reinforcing ribs 69 and 10 yare spaced longitudinally vof the body and are .substantially yaligned laterally of the vbody With the cross ribs 51 on the base.

The ends of the Vbody areclosed Yby. end plates 'Hand 13. YBy preference, and Ato A'prompte greater load-carrying capacity, the end plates are ,of greater height: at the center than at .their outer ends.. Thus, as viewed from the end in Fig.. 3, the top edges of the end plates slope downwardly and outwardly from the longitudinal center plane of the body to substantially flush relationship with the outer edges of the side plates 53 and 54.

Commensura-te with theA reinforcing structure of the other body surface parts, the end plates havechannels 14 and l5 extending between the side. plates. along the upper marginal portions of the -end plates l2 and 13, respectively, and welded thereto to form reinforcements of tubular boxlike section. Furthermore, additional channels 16 are welded to the surfaces of the end plates in laterally spaced relationship to serve as vertically disposed reinforcing ribs for the end plates.

On the outer surfaces of the body side plates at positions Vnear the inner longitudinally extending reinforcing ribs and aligned with the hinge brackets 44, 45, 46 and 41, hinge plates are se.- cured to the body. That is, hinge plates 'Il and 1B of substantially triangular shape are secured to opposed surfaces of adjacent side plate reinforcing ribs 69 in opposed and spaced relationship so that the space therebetween is aligned vertically with the hinge bracket 44 (Figs. 1, 4 and 6). In like manner, Ihinge plates 11 and T8 of ysimilar construction are similarly secured to the side plate reinforcing ribs adjacent the hinge brackets 45, 46 and 41.

My preferred type 0f hinges for the disclosed side dump trailer construction is shown generally in Figs. 1 and 3, and in greater detail in the e11- larged views of Figs. 4,5 and 6. The construction of all of the hinges being alike, the description of one will suflice for all. `Generally speaking, h owever, the yaxes of the hinges are valigned on each side of the underfrarne, so that whether the body is .dumped to vone side or the other of the underfrarne, it moves about `the axes of the plurality of aligned hinges. Also, the hinges on each side of the-:body are manually controllable for selective operation. That is, when .the body is to be dumped to Vone side, the hinges on the other side are opened or released, while the hinges on the said one -sideare closed for effective hinge operation, and vice versa.

Referring `to the ydetails of the hinge structure shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, each such .hinge comprises a saddle 'i9 of cast structure and having similar and oppositely disposed side wall portions 8D `and "82 'in spaced and opposed relationship with'integral feet j83 and y84 thereon, which feet seat against and are welded to kthe upper surface of -the cross plate over one of the hinge brackets and closely adjacent a side beam of the underframe. As shown in Fig. 4, the side wall portions 8U and 82 ofthe saddle have substantially U-shaped top openings, suchas85, therein which are axially aligned to provide upwardly ,opening hinge seating surfaces.

'Similar and oppositely disposed bracket arms 86 and -81 on and projecting upwardly from the side wall portions 8l) and 82, respectively, are drilled to provide seating surfaces for a shaft 88, the=axis of which is above and to one side of the axis ofthe seating surface of the U-shaped open ing 35. As shown in Fig. 6, the shaft S8 is secured in position by fastening means, such as .sa set-screw-89. Additional and oppositely disposed bracket arms 490 and 92 lon the saddle side wall portions and B2, respectively, are drilled to provide `*bearings which `rotatably supporta shaft 93, -'at one :end :of which Lis an y angularly l,displosed handle portion 94. The axis of' the shaft 93 is displaced to the same side of the seating surface of the U-shaped top opening of the saddle as the shaft 88, and is displaced below the axis of the shaft 88. v i

A cam 95 is rotatably supported on'the shaft 88 and has an arcuate surface 96 which is concentric with respect to the axis of the shaft 88. Recesses 91 and 98 are provided in the arcuate surface 96 for coaction with a spring-urged detent comprising a ball 99 urged toward the arcuate surface by a compression spring |00, which spring is seated in an opening |02 in the saddle. The cam 95 is of a shape such that when the ball 99 is seated in the recess 98, as shown in Fig. 4, the outer portion of the arcuate surface of the cam overlies a substantial portion f the U -shaped opening 85 of the saddle. When, on the other hand, the cam is withdrawn to a position such that the ball 99 seats in the recess 97, the cam is withdrawn from the U-shaped opening of the saddle.

For effecting actuation of the cam 95 by manual movement of the handle 94, a substantially U-shaped link |03 is secured in non-rotatable relationship to the shaft 93 by a clamping bolt |04. Near the endsof the arms of the U-shaped link |03, a pin |05 extends through those arms and through an opening in the cam 95 which is displaced from the axis of the shaft 88, said pin being secured in position by fastening means such as a Cotter key |05. Thus, by force applied to the handle 94, the shaft 93 is rotated to swing the arms of the U-shaped link |03 about the axis of the shaft 93, thereby to actuate the cam about the axis of the shaft 9B.

A shaft |01 extends between and is carried by the hinge plates li and 78. At a position normally to extend across the saddle and with the axis of the shaft preferably displaced above the axis of the seating surface of the U-shaped top opening 85 in the saddle, the shaft |01 extends through aligned openings in the hinge plates TI and 1B and is secured in position relative thereto by fastening means, such as a set screw |08, which extends through a collar |09 secured to the outer surface of the hinge plate Il. Rotatably carried by the shaft |07 between the hinge plates 'l1 and 'i8 is a hinge roller ||0, which roller is rotatable upon the shaft.

Preferably, the roller ||0 is of a size such that when the body is in its normal position resting upon the side beams 23 and 29 of the underframe, there is a substantial clearance between the roller and the seating surface of the U-shaped saddle opening. The roller is, however, disposed within the U-shaped saddleopening, but normally displaced therefrom by a clearance suflicient to relieve the hinges of load when the body is in the normal material-carrying position.

When the body is to be dumped to one side relative to the underframe, the cams of the hinges on the other side of the body are Withdrawn from their respective saddle openings, while the cams on the said one side are actuated to a position in which they overlie their respective rollers. Thus, when the body is tilted toward the said one side, the rollers seat against the seating surfaces of the saddle openings to provide the deslred hinge action.

It is to be particularly pointed out with respect to the disclosed design that the axes of the roller ||0, cam 95, shaft 93 and pin |05 are so relatively disposedv with respect to one another that the tendency of any force applied ,to the arcuateam surface 96 by the rolle!` ||0 while the trailer body is being dumlped with a heavy load therein, tends to. move the cam toward, rather than away fron-1i; its positiofofr engagement with the' roller; `In aA similar respect, .it is further to be noted that the axes of the shaft 88, pin |05 and shaft 93 are relatively disposed to resemble a toggle connection wherein the pi1f|05 crosses the center line between the shafts 88 and 93 during its movement between the two positions of the cam.

. 4As previously mentioned, the force for tipping theA body relative to the underframe in the disclosedY embodiment of my invention is appliedl from an external source. For convenience, ,I have provided hook plates ||2 and l|r3 in spaced relationship on opposite sides of the body; said hook plates being secured to the outer surfaces of the body side walls near the longitudinal center of the body and adjacent the outer margins thereof, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. These hook plates carry therebetween hook bars ||4 and H5, respectively, which are spaced outwardly'of the side walls for convenient access for the attachment of a hook'on a suitably driven lifting cable. By applying the lifting force to the hook bars on either side of the body, the body is tilted away from the hooked side and tipped to ya position such as that indicated at Ila in Fig. 3.

In order to avoid excessive tilting movement of the body, it is by preference that I haveprovided a flexible link in the form of a chain ||6 which interconnects the mid-portions of the bottom surface of the body to the mid-portion of the .underframe In the present instance, one end of the chain ||6 is secured by a fastening element to the outer surface of the cross brace 29 and the other end of the chain is connected by a fastening element ||8 to the midportion of one of the cross ribs 5l. The length of the chain is such that it limits the tilting movement of the body to the desired extent.

While I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention, many modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of all [changes within the scope ofthe -appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

'1. A side dump trailer adapted to be supported at one end and drawn by a tractor or the like and comprising, in combination, lan underfr-ame having longitudinally extending and substantially parallel side beams connected at one end by a laterally disposed end member, a gooseneck connecting member secured to the side beams at the other end of the underframe and having swivel connecting means at the forward end thereof, supporting wheels at the end of the underframe opposite the gooseneck connecting member and carried by an axle extending through said side beams, .an open top body of a width greater than that of the underframe `and of la length for mounting between the wheels and said gooseneck connecting member, said body having ribs ofl tubular section extending longitudinally along the bottoml thereof and spaced for alignment with said side beams, resilient pads extending along and interposed between the side beams and said ribs through which the load of the body is normally carried on the side beams, and selectively operable hinges vhaving portions secured to the underframe outside of. thev side beams anclportions `connected to the body so that the body may be dumped to either side relative to the underframe, said hinges having clearance between said portions thereof when the body is carried on the side beams.

2. A side dump trailer as deiined in claim 1 wherein said underframe is braced intermediate its ends by tubular cross beams disposed in spaced relationship between the Said end member and gooseneck connecting member and having their opposite ends secured to the side beams.

3. A side 'dump trailer adapted to be supported atione vvend and ydrawn by a tractor or the like and comprising, in combination, an underframe having longitudinally vextending side beams land a laterally ldisposed end member connecting the side beams at one end, a connecting member connecting the side beams at the vother ends of the underframe, andl extending away from the underframe to a 'swivel connecting means at the `forward end thereof, supporting wheels at `said one end of the underframe and carried by an axle secured to said yside beams, an open top body' of a width greater than that of the underframe and of a length for mounting between the wheels and said connecting member, said body having ribs of tubular .section rextending `longitudinally along the bottom thereof and spaced lfor alignnient with said side beams, resilient pads extending along and interposed between the side beams and Isaid ribs through which the load of the bodi7 is normally carried on the side beams, said body also `having side wal-ls sloping upwardly and out wardly yfrom -said ribs and terminating along their upper edges in 'additional tubular ribs extending longitudinally of the side 'Walls in substantially `parallel relationship to the iirst mentioned ribs, and selectively operable hinges having portions secu-red to the under-frame outside -of the side beams and portions connected to the body so that the body may be dumped to either Iside relative tothe underframe, said hinges having 'clearance between said portions thereof when the body is carried on the side beams. i

Li. A side dump trailer adapted to be :supported at one yend and drawn bya tractor `or the like and comprising, combination, an underframe having longitudinally extending side beams and a laterally vdisposed .end member connecting the side beams at .one end, la connecting member :con-necting Vthe lside beams rat the other ends of the underframe and extending'away :from the underframe to .a swivel connectingmeans at the for- Wardend thereof, supporting 'Wheels at said one end .of the underf-rame and carried by an axle secured to ,said iside beams, an -open top'body of -a width greater than vthat ofthe underframe and .of a length for mounting .between the wheels Yand said connecting member, .said body .having ribs of tubular ,section extending longitudinally along the bottom thereof andspacedfor alignment with said side beams, resilient pads extending along and interposed between the `side beams and said ribs through which ,the load of .the .body is normally carried on the side beams, said body also having side walls sloping upwardly and outwardly from .said ribs and terminating .along their upper edges in additional tubular ribs .extending longi tudinally of theside walls in vsubstantially.parallel relationship to the rst mentioned ribs, and selectively operable .hinges having portions secured to the underframe outside of the side beams and portions connected to the body .so that the body may be dumpedto either side rrelative to the underframe.

5. A side dump trailer adapted to be supported at one end and drawn by a tractor or the like and comprising, in combination, .an underframe including longitudinally extending side beams and having secured to the front end thereof a gooseneck connecting member, said goo'seneck connecting member having swivel connecting means at the forward end thereof, said underframe being braced intermediate its ends kby a lplurality of cross members of tubular section spaced apart longitudinally of the underframe and :having their-ends secured to theside beams, supporting `wheels at the rear end` 0f the underframe :and carried by an axle secured lto .said side beams,- 'an open top body yof a width `greater than that of the underframe and of za length for .mounting between the wheels and said 4gooseneck connecting member, said body having ribs of tubular'section extending longitudinally along the bottom thereof and spaced for alignment ywith said lside beams, resilient pads extending along `and interposed between the side beams and said ribs through which the load of the body is normally carried on the side beams., 'selectively operable hinges having portions secured to the underframe outside of the side beams and `portions connected to the body so that the body may be dumped to either side relative to the underfr-ame, two of said cross members being substantially `aligned with the hinges laterally of thertrame and being of larger cross-sectional size Vthan the other of said cross members, and -said hinges having clearance be. tween saidportions thereof when the :body is carried on the side beams. l

.6. .A side dump trailer adapted to be supported at one end and drawn by a tractor or the like and comprising, in combination, an underframe including longitudinally extending side beams and having secured to the front end thereof ,a gooseneck .connectingy member, vsaid gooseneck connecting memberv having swivel connecting means at the forward .end thereof, said underfr-ame being braced. intermediate its :ends .bya plurality of crossmembers Vof tubular section spaced apart longitudinally of the underframe and having theirends secured to the side beams,

supporting wheels at .the rear end of the underframe and carried by ,an Aaxle secured to said side beams, .an open `top bodyvof Aa widthgreater than that of the underframe and .of a length for mounting between the Wheels and said gooseneck .connectingmemben said body having ribs of .tubular sectionextending .longitudinally .along the .bottom thereof;` and., spaced for alignment with :said side bea-mssaid ribs normally riding on the side-beamstosupport the body relative to the underframe., hinges having por-tions secured .to the .underframeoutside of the side beams and portions connected `to the body so that the body A:may be dumped to eitherside relativeto. the underframe, and two of said cross members being substantially .aligned with the hinges .laterally of vthe framefand being of larger .crosssectional size than. the .other of said crossmem-y bers. f l y 7. A side dump trailer .adapted to be vsupported at one .end and drawn by a tractor or the like and comprisingin.combination, an underframe.

including longitudinallyy extending vside beamsand having secured .to the front endthereof a gooseneck .connecting member, said gooseneck, connecting member havingv `swivel connecting. means `at the forward ,end thereof, said under-. frame beingbracedintermediatevits ends by a Il plurality of cross members of tubular section spaced apart longitudinally of the underframe and having their ends secured to the side beams, supporting wheels at the rear end of the underframe .and carried by an axle secured to said side beams, an open top body of a width greater than that of the underframe and of a length for mounting between the wheels and said gooseneck connecting member, said body having ribs of tubular section extending along the bottom thereof and spaced for alignment with said side beams, said ribs normally riding on the side beams to support the body relative to the underframe, said body also having side walls sloping upwardly and outwardly from said ribs and terminating along their upper edges in additional tubular ribs extending longitudinally of the side walls, and said ribs being connected by a plurality of lateral reinforcing braces of tubular section, hinges having portions secured to the underframe outside of the side beams and portions connected to the body so that the body may be dumped to either side relative to the underframe, and two of vsaid cross members being substantially aligned with the hinges laterally of the frame and being of larger cross-sectional size than the other of said cross members.

8. In a side dump trailer, the combination comprising an underframe having longitudinally extending and substantially parallel side beams, said side beams being connected together at one end by a laterally disposed beam secured thereto, an axle extending through the side beams near the ends thereof which are connected by said laterally disposed beamv and having wheels:

upwardly and outwardly and projecting away from said other ends of the side beams, swivel connecting means on the projecting end of the gooseneck connecting memben'a plurality of cross braces of tubular -section extending between the side beams, said cross braces being spaced apart longitudinally of the side beams and disposed between the said axle and gooseneck connecting member, and hinge brackets rigidly secured to each of the side beams in lateral alignmentwith one another and in alignment with certainA of said cross braces. y Y

9. In a side dump trailer, the combination comprising an underframe having hinge brackets secured to opposite sides thereof and hinge parts secured to the brackets, and a side dump body including a base plate, similarlyconstructed and oppositely disposed side plates coextensive longitudinally with the base plate and forming obtuse angles withopposite side edges of the base plates, said side plates forming parts of tubular reinforcing ribs extending longitudinally along the outer marginal surfaces of the side plates. channels secured to the outer surfaces of the side plates in spacedrelationship longitudinally of the plates and providing tubular reinforcing ribs extending between the aforementioned ribs, hinge parts secured to the side plates adjacent said hinge parts on the underframe and providing hinges upon which the body may;

be dumped to either side relative to the underframe, end plates adjoining and secured to oppositev ends of the base plate and side plates,

said end plates havingchannels secured to the topnmargins thereof to provide reinforcements of tubular section, and said end plates also ,haveA l2 ing additionalV channels secured thereto and disposed laterally of the channels at the top margins thereof.

10. In a side dump trailer as defined in claim 9, the tubular reinforcing ribs extending along opposite sides of the base' plate normally riding on the underframe to support the load of the body.

11. In a side dump trailer as defined in claim 9, said body and underframe being connected by a flexible element for limiting the dumping movement of the body relative to the underframe, and said side plates having connecting parts secured to the outer surfaces thereof through which dumping force is applied to the body.

12. In a: side dump trailer, the combination comprising an underframe, having longitudinally extending side beams, a body having longitudinally extending bottom reinforcing parts spaced i to rest on the side beams, hinges having parts underframe, and means separate from the hinges and comprising said side beam and bottom reinforcing parts for normally supporting the load of the body relative to the underframe, said hinges each including a saddle secured to the underframe and having a substantially U-shaped top openingr therein, and bracket means secured to the body and carrying a roller in a position 'for engagement in the U-shaped top opening in the saddle only upon and after the starting of tilting movement of the body.

13. In aside dump trailer as deiined in claim 12 wherein said hinges are disposed in aligned relationship on opposite sides of the body and underframe for tilting movement of the body toward either of said sides, and selectively operable parts for retaining the rollers in the U-shaped top openings of the saddles.

14. In a side dump trailer as defined in claim 12 wherein said hinges 4are disposed in aligned relationship on opposite sides of the body and underframe lfor tilting movement of the body toward either of `said sides, and selectively operable parts for retaining the rollers in the U-shaped top openings of the saddles, said selectively operable parts including a retaining element supported for swinging movement by and relative to said saddle between positions overlying and clear of said" roller, and a manually operable mechanical linkage for actuating the retaining element between said positions.

l5. In a sidel dump trailer as defined inv claim 1 2 wherein said hinges are disposed in aligned relationship on opposite sides of the body and underframe for tilting movement of the body toward either of said sides, and selectively operable parts forl retaining the rollers in the lJ-shaped top openings of the saddles, said selectively operable parts including a retaining element supported for swinging movement by and relative to said saddle between positions overlying and clear of said roller, a manually operable mechanical linkage for actuating the retaining element between said positions, and a spring urged detent for releasably holding the retaining element in either of said positions. A o

16. In a side dump trailer, the combination comprising a hinge havingr a saddle with a substantially U-shaped top opening therein, a bracket carrying a roller in a position disposed Within the U-shaped top opening of the saddle, and a manually movable retaining element supported by the saddle for movement relative thereto between positions overlying and clear of the 'urge the retaining element toward the position overlying the roller.

RAYMORE D. MAcDONALD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

Number 14 UNITED -STATES PATENTS Naim'e Date Clark May 9, 1916 Benbow Jan. 29, 1924 Flowers Dec. 14, 1926 Reeder Dec. 1, 1931 Kuchar May 23, 1933 Rodier Dec. 10, 1935 Hart Apr. 25, 1939 

